In general, the classical period
of world history spanned the millennium from 500 bce to 500 ce. During this
time, a series of powerful empires developed (Rome, Persia, India, China, etc.)
that were much larger in scale and scope than any of the kingdoms of the early
river valley societies, including Egypt. The period was also characterized
by indigenous intellectual developments in each cultural empire (Confucius
in China; Buddha in South Asia; Jesus of Nazareth in Rome), the creation
of large unified economic units and trading zones, cultural and religious
integration and art and architectural innovation.
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