The ancient tradition of Troy stories generally blames a woman, Helen of Troy, for being the direct cause of the war, whether she ran off with Paris willingly, or was taken away by force.
It is not surprising that the story of Iphigenia involves sacrificing an innocent young woman, so that her father Agamemnon can sail off to Troy to recover Helen, the wife of his brother Menelaus.
In some variants, Iphigenia is rescued from the altar by the goddess Artemis and whisked away to the land of Tauris to serve as Artemis' priestess.
In the fifth century BCE, Euripides wrote Iphigenia in Tauris, telling of Iphigenia's bitter life as a priestess in the land of Tauris, where she was required to sacrifice any passing strangers at the orders of Thoas, King of Tauris. After many years, two strangers landed on the shore. Unknown to Iphigenia, one of them was her brother, Orestes, who had been driven mad by the Furies to punish him for killing his mother Clytemnestra. The other stranger was Pylades, cousin to Orestes. Once they and Iphigenia recognized one another, they devised a successful plot to deceive the King and escape from Tauris.
Goethe took this play and reworked it into a rather amazing celebration of how one pure woman could heal the insanity and evils of the pagan past, symbolized by the dysfunctional House of Atreus as well as by King Thoas, whose notion of hospitality was to sacrifice passing strangers to his god. Goethe's Iphigenia is a woman of such noble high-mindedness that she refuses to deceive the King. Instead, she tells him the truth, even though that truth risks the lives of her brother and cousin. Iphigenia persuades King Thoas to release the two prisoners instead of sacrificing them, and to let all three of them return to Greece with his blessing.
Because it offers such an intriguing contrast to Goethe's idealistic enlightenment approach, I am adding some material about another German Troy drama which might be considered the anti-Iphigenia, the intensely romantic and bizarre Penthesilea by Heinrich von Kleist. Penthesilea was the queen of the Amazons who fought and died at Troy. If you are interested, you may want to read the text and/or explore some of the links.