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Objective 2:
Definitely living
: an apple on a tree, fertile hen egg, plankton, and pupa of an insect
Definitely nonliving : wooden table, grain of sand, humus,
clay, bird’s nest, soil (if you don’t consider living things
in soil), a newspaper, preserved earthworm
Borderline : an apple you are eating (contains seeds
which will develop into an apple tree if they are placed
in appropriate environment), and virus (only takes on the characteristics
of life when it is in a living cell).
Objectives 5 and
6:
Energy needs of life:
All the processes associated with life (object 1) are energy requiring.
Without energy, living organisms die.
Productivity varies from one community to another because
communities do not have the same amount of radiant energy (sunlight) available
year round. Also, nutrients and water availability differ. A temperate
deciduous forest is more productive than a desert. Water availability
limits productivity in the desert. An alfalfa field, an example of an
agricultural community, is more productive than a temperate deciduous
forest because it is supplied with an optimum of nutrients and water.
Energy Problem
|
Producer |
50% |
Primary Consumer |
10% |
Secondary Consumer |
10% |
Tertiary Consumer |
|
1,000,000 Kcal |
---------> |
500,000 Kcal |
---------> |
50,000 Kcal |
---------> |
5,000 Kcal |
Chaparral Problem
Questions (set one)
(1) rodents and insects. The raccoon, an omnivore, also eats plants so
it is not a "strict" primary consumer.
(2) gopher snake and quail. The king snake, raccoon, and fox also may
act as secondary consumers.
(3) Only the swift road runner is a strict tertiary consumer.
(4) None of the organisms listed is a strict quaternary consumer. The
fox acts as both a QC and a SC. (5) raccoon
(6) King snake, gopher snake, swift road runner, fox
and quail.
Questions (set two)
(1) The raccoon would survive but not the king snake
(2) King snake - raccoon.
(3) Raccoon
Objective 7:
Pyramid of Numbers: This
pyramid is inverted when the producer is very large in size, as in a forest
community. One tree (which represents a tremendous amount of energy) may
support many insects. Thus, there are fewer producers despite the
fact that they contain far more energy than the primary consumers.
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